University approaches to the use of AI in Bulgaria and in Morocco

Abstract

The article analyses some of the publicly announced university policies, rules and procedures on the use of AI as well as some non-binding rules at European level. This is a topic of interest in both legal education and in other fields. However, most of the universities in Bulgaria and in Morocco have no special policies or rules for AI. In such cases they apply general antiplagiarism rules and ethical rules and standards to use of AI and of AI-created works. In Bulgaria there are just a few universities that have announced such policies or rules and procedures. In Morocco, although national strategies promoting digital transformation and AI in education have been introduced, universities have not yet adopted specific frameworks regulating the use of AI in scientific research. Most institutions continue to rely on general academic integrity and research ethics codes, which are not fully adapted to AI-generated content and its implications for authorship and originality. That leaves some issues, such as the sustainable and transparent use of AI, as well as the disclosure of AI involvement in research, unaddressed. Besides that, the general rules are not appropriate for some specifics of the use of AI in science research.